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Incubation & Gestation Calculator for Livestock, Insects, and Aquatic Animals

By Tasha Greer
Tasha Greer

Tasha has been an active herb gardener, foodie, and from-scratch cook since the year 2000. In 2014, she started homesteading for greater self-sufficiency in rural Surry County, North Carolina. She currently keeps dairy goats, chickens, ducks, a pet turkey, worms, and (occasionally) pigs. She gardens on about two acres and grows a large variety of annual and perennial edible, medicinal, and ecosystem support plants. She is an Extension Master Gardener Volunteer and teaches classes in her community related to Edible Landscaping, Organic Gardening, and Introduction to Permaculture. She has also co-authored several books about backyard chickens, livestock watering systems, and vinegar production.

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I am lazy at math. So, whenever I expose my female goats to my buck, I always have to track down an online gestation calculator to figure out when I’ll have babies due. Then, I have to do the same when I incubate chicks, ducks, rabbits, mealworms, or whatever else I am trying to hatch or have babies of.

Well, that made me think, “Wouldn’t it be nice if I could use just one calculator that told me the due dates for everything?” When I couldn’t find one that did it all, I asked our behind the scenes web programmer extraordinaire at Morning Chores if he could make a breeding calculator.

Thanks to his enthusiastic yes, I am happy to present to you the one-stop-shop incubation and gestation calculator for all your homesteading needs!

Bookmark this for whenever you need it. Also, if I happened to miss anything you have in your homestead, let me know and we’ll update the list to make it easier on all of us.

How to Use the Gestation Calculator

You will have no difficulty figuring out how to use this calculator. Just scroll down to the animal, insect, or aquatic animal you are looking for, enter your exposure or incubation start date, and your due date will pop up.

For example, if you were searching for a chicken incubation calculator, we have that here. However, there are just a few things I want you to be aware of before you calculate your due dates.

Estimated Due Dates

I used average dates based on a review of various websites to create this list. So, it should be pretty accurate. However, there might be slight variations based on breed or genetic history. For example, some rabbit breeds may vary from each other by a few days.

Long Gestation Periods

With some animals like donkeys and camels, there’s a wide variance in the time it takes from exposure to labor. For all the livestock on this list with really long gestation periods (e.g longer than humans), be aware that labor can actually happen much earlier or later than this date.

For shorter gestation periods, the variance is usually much less. As an example, for goats with a 150 day gestation period, actual due dates are usually plus or minus a few days from the average. For chickens, with only a 21 incubation period, hatching tends to be right on time (unless something went really wrong during incubation).

Aquatic and Insect Life

For aquatic life, the water temperature has a big impact on hatch rates. Colder temperatures slow down egg incubation while warmer temperatures speed it up.

The dates represented below are based on the temperatures hatcheries use for peak production and aquatic life health. They may not match up with hatch times in natural settings where the water temperature is variable.

Similarly, the insect hatch rates assume a controlled indoor environment temperature.

Incubation and Gestation Calculator

Now, without further ado, here’s our one-stop incubation and gestation calculator for all you busy homesteaders out there!

Animal NameAverage
Incubation
or Gestation
Period
Incubation or
Exposed Date
Hatch or
Due Date
Alpaca350
Ants (Cultivated Farms)7 to 14
Barn Owl31 to 32
Barn Swallow14 to 16
Bison – American217
Bluegill1 to 6
Blue Heron27 to 29
Blue Jay17 to 18
Bobwhite Quail23 to 24
Cardinal13
Carp3 to 6
Cat58 to 67
Catfish10
Camel – Bactrian360 to 420
Camel – Dromedary450
Chicken21
Chinchilla110
Coturnix Quail16 to 18
Cow283
Deer – White-tailed201
Dog57 to 65
Donkey360 to 375
Duck – Mallard Family28
Duck – Muscovy35
Emu50 to 52
Ferret41
Geese28 to 33
Gerbil25
Goldfinch – American12 to 14
Guinea27 to 28
Goat – Full Size150
Goat – Mini Breed145
Hamster20
Hawks – Chicken38 to 41
Honey Bees3 to 4
Horse – Full Size330 to 345
Horse – Miniature320
Kangaroo42
Llama330
Mealworms4 to 7
Mice (Pet)19 to 21
Night Crawlers (European)14 to 21
Ostrich42
Pea Fowl28 to 29
Pheasants23 to 26
Pig112 to 114
Pigeon16 to 19
Rabbit28 to 32
Salmon56
Sheep147
Shrimp1*
Silkworms14
Soldier Flies4
Swan35
Tilapia3 to 5
Tuna – Blue Fin1 to 2
Trout21 to 35
Turkey28
Water Buffalo300 to 320
Worms – Red Wriggler23-24

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